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The Journal of Economic Integration 2023 March;38(1) :115-146.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11130/jei.2023.38.1.115
Effects of the Tax Transition Reform on the Real Exchange Rate through the Trade Openness Channel in Developing Countries

Sèna Kimm Gnangnon

World Trade Organization, Switzerland
Corresponding Author: Sèna Kimm Gnangnon ,Email: kgnangnon@yahoo.fr
Copyright ©2023 The Journal of Economic Integration
ABSTRACT
International financial institutions have advised developing countries to implement a reform of their tax revenue structure to reduce their dependence on international trade tax revenue, for the benefit of domestic tax revenue. This study examines the effect of this type of tax reform on the real exchange rate through the trade openness channel. It defines tax reform (also known as "tax transition reform") as a process that involves the convergence of developing countries' tax structures toward the tax structure of developed countries (given the weak dependence of the latter's tax structure on international trade tax revenue). The analysis is conducted using an unbalanced panel dataset of 107 countries from 1980-2019, and the two-step system-generalized method of moments approach. The findings show that tax reform causes real exchange rate depreciation, with the magnitude of this effect being higher in developed countries than in developing countries. Furthermore, the real exchange rate depreciation effect of the tax reform is higher in countries with greater trade openness and a tax structure that is less dependent on international trade tax revenue.

JEL Classification
H20: General
O11: Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
F14: Empirical Studies of Trade
Keywords: tax transition reform | real exchange rate | trade openness | developing countries
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